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s Www Victoria n Nude dissearchatinudesportsfied Archive e Nude ki Silvstedt g Archive in it a refuge from themselves
rather than opportunities for service. 'This is, however, only a temporary
phase ; while already in hospitals, in private nursing, in charitable institutions,
and in the Victorian Order, are 'to be found most talented and devoted
women, who by their work for the sick and the poor have done much to overcome
prejudices against the entrance of women into the medical profession.
In 1867, Dr. Stowe,. a graduate
of the New York Medical. College for Women, startled Toronto by establishing
herself there as practising physician. Still later, she astonished the
University authorities by entering her daughter as a student in the Toronto
School of Medicine. Miss Stowe graduated in 1883 ; and the following
year Miss Smith obtained the degree of M.D., from Queen's University, Kingston.
The Medical schools, however,
regarded women students with disfavour, and the demand for the medical
education of women having greatly increased, the Ontario Medical College
for Women was established. Here, the students receive the greater part
of their training, supplementing it by a few lectures in the Faculty of
Medicine of the University of Toronto. Thus, women are prepared for the
degree examinations of Trinity University and of the University of Toronto.
This close connection with the Universities, combined with experience gained
in the city hospitals, prevents the inferiority of attainment inevitable
in a small institution separated from great foundations.
In Nova Scotia and New Brunswick,
most liberal views in regard to the education of women have always been
held. The first to apply for admission to the Universities were welcomed
without discussion or hesitation. Only a few have studied in the professional
schools and have taken M.D. degrees, but these are meeting with encouragement
and even success in practice. In Manitoba, the Northwest Territories and
British Columbia, the Medical Boards issue licenses to women upon the same
terms as men, and the former labour under no disadvantages in their professional
life.
Recent developments have
led to the exclusion of women from the only Medical School hitherto open
to them in the Province of Quebec. The professional faculties of McGill
University have never admitted women as undergraduates. But
for several year's they have been enrolled as students in the Faculty
of Medicine of Bishop's College, and, have been granted all the
privileges accorded to men. At first, these women obtained their practical
training in the Montreal General Hospital,
the most extensive clinical field in Canada. Soon, however, the Hospital
authorities withdrew this privilege because of theoretic objections to
the presence of women in the character of medical students.
The Royal
Victoria Hospital also refused admission to women students, and
only a small foundation, the Western Hospital
is open to them. But this Institution has but fifty beds, while the. regulations
both of the College of Physicians and Surgeons of
Quebec and of the General Medical Council of Great Britain and Ireland,
require that candidates for Medical degrees shall have attended clinics
in a. hospital having at least one hundred beds. In consequence of the
impossibility of women obtaining the hospital experience necessary for
a license to practise, the governors of Bishop's
College have reluctantly closed the senior classes of the Medical
Faculty and the degree examinations to women.
Unless, therefore, one of
the large hospitals can be induced to permit women to share " the
exceptional opportunities for clinical instruction and practical training
" enjoyed by men students, or, failing this, unless the Western
Hospital be endowed and extended so as to meet the requirements
of the Medical Acts of Canada and of Great
Britain, it will remain impossible for the women of Quebec to qualify for
an M. D. degree in their own province.
This retrograde movement
has occurred at a time when women physicians and surgeons have conquered
prejudice, not only in non-professional, but in professional circles. Last
winter, for the first time, the Montreal Medical
Society received a paper prepared by a woman, and, at a subsequent
meeting, a resolution was passed, authorizing the admission of duly qualified
women to membership in the Society. The author of the paper, Dr.
Abbott, after graduating from Bishop's College,
spent several years in Vienna, engage in post -graduate work. A few months
ago she was appointed assistant curator of the Pathological
Museum of McGill University, and already she has accomplished
enough to justify her appointment. Dr. Abbott is only one of several women
doctors with similar training, women who, having proved faithful and skilful
practitioners, have won the confidence of the public.
Into the minor professions
allied to medicine, namely, dentistry and pharmacy, women have entered
in small numbers, but without opposition. In the opportunities for acquiring
the preliminary training and the qualifications demanded for admission
to these careers no distinction is made between the sexes and, as in trades
and agriculture, the success to Le attained depends entirely upon the ability
of the practitioner.
Little need be said in regard
to women in the other learned professions. At present, there is but
one woman barrister in Canada. Miss Brett Martin
obtained the degree of B.C.L. from the University of Toronto, in 1897 and
the degree of LL. B. in 1899. In order that she might be enrolled
as a solicitor and barrister, amendments to the provincial law and to the
regulations of the Law - Society of Ontario were enacted. Miss Martin is
now a member of a well known Toronto firm of lawyers. No woman has applied
for admission to study for the practice of law in the other provinces.
In Manitoba and British Columbia, they are not legally disqualified from
admission to the Bar, but it is otherwise in the east. Dalhousie University
would give the necessary training to women, but the Barristers' Act of
Nova Scotia prohibits their practising.
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